T.V. Fitsailo

SYNPHYTOINDICATATIVE CHARACTERISTIZATION OF SHRUB VEGETATION CLASS RHAMNO-PRUNETEA RIVAS GODAY ET CARB. 1961 OF UKRAINE

This paper deals with an ecological evaluation of shrub communities habitats by the method of synphytoindication. Analysed communities belong to Pruno-Rubion fruticosi, Berberidion vulgaris, Prunion spinosae, Prunion fruticosae and Lamio purpureae — Acerion tatarici alliances. Such ecological factors as soil humidity, acidity, mineral nitrogen and carbonates contents in soil, general mineral condition, termoregime, continentality and frosen regime are estimated.

K. Selezska, L. Brodsky, L. Musatenko, E. Nevo and S.P. Wasser

COMPARISON OF GROWTH RATES OF THE FILAMENTOUS FUNGUS ASPERGILLUS NIGER FROM CONTRASTING ENVIRONMENTS

Eighteen strains of filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger were isolated from contrasting environments in Israel: the hypersaline Dead Sea and the temperate "Evolution Canyon" I. A comparison of growth rates under different salt stress was provided. Clear differences in growth were observed under 5-20% and 40% volumes of the Dead Sea water. No difference was observed when we used 25-35% volumes of DSW. Strains from "Evolution Canyon" I grown at lower concentrations of the DSW revealed higher growth rates, while strains from the Dead Sea water demonstrated higher activity under higher salt stress (40% volumes of DSW). Therefore, the following conclusion can be made: strains of A. niger isolated from the Dead Sea water are more adapted to stress associated with low-water activity.

G.I. Martyn, L.I. Musatenko

THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF ACER SACCHARINUM L. AND A. TATARICUM L. SEED EMBRYO CELLS DIFFERING BY THE QUIESCENCE DEPTH

The ultrastructure of cells in the forming and mature seeds from the recalcitrant (A. saccharinum L.) and orthodox (A. tataricum L.) types was investigated. It was shown that the embryo cells of the seeds of both types had the similar ultrastructure in the early period of embryo genesis. The mature seeds of A. saccharinum were characterized with the high level of wateriness (50-55%), sensitive to the insiccation, and capable to germinate quickly without additional watering. The embryo cells of such seeds had both organelles, whose structure testified about their functional activity, and the storage substances (starch, proteins, and lipids). During maturation, A. tataricum seeds turned into the state of deep physiological quiescence and were capable to germinate after the long cold stratification. The embryo cells were loaded totally with storage lipids and proteins. Hyaloplasm and organelles underwent substantial changes appearing in the drastic rearrangement of the cell membrane structure resulting in the difficulties of their identification. It was proposed that there was the correlative dependence between the seed quiescence depth and the state of the membrane system of the embryo cells.

V.P. Bessonova, S.O. Yakovleva-Nosar

SEMINAL PRODUCTIVITY OF ARBOREAL PLANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF CONTAMINATION OF ENVIRONMENT BY A CHLORINE AND HIS CONNECTIONS

Influence of environmental contamination (priority compound Cl₂, HCl in less degree SO₂) on descriptions of intensity of fruiting and quality of five species seed of arboreal breeds of basic forest-forming in the conditions of south-east of Ukraine were investigated. The decline of the studied indexes on the gradient of the technogenic loading is set. Recommendations in relation to their use at the practical monitoring are given.

N.М. Dzhurа, O.M. Tsvilynyuk, O.I. Terek

INFLUENCE OF SOIL POLLUTION ON MACRONUTRIENT AND MICRONUTRIENT CONTENT IN CAREX HIRTA L. PLANTS

We investigated influence of oil soil pollution on the macronutrient and micronutrient content in the plants. Objects of our investigation were Carex hirta L. plants — long-rooted grasses. Model experiments carry on in the field condition. Oil were brought into experimental soil 48 and 96 g/soil kg. After three weeks on these soils Carex hirta plants were transferred. Contrlol — plants, that growth on soil without oil. After two month macronutrient and micronutrient content of plants was studied. It was shown that oil pollution had strong effect on nutrient content of plants. We investigated, that under 48 g/kg oil pollution of soil content of K, Mn, Na, Fe in the roots and shoots increased. Under 96 g/kg oil pollution of soil in the plants decreased K, P, Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu content. In the conclusions of our experiments we conducted that species of Carex hirta have ecological, morphological and physiology-biochemical traits and they help it to increase stability to oil pollution. Thus, these species can be recommended for recultivation of soils polluted by oil and oil-products.

P.O. Mushak

INTRASPECIES AND INTERSPECIES REACTION OF ALGALOGICALLY PURE CULTURE OF BLUE-GREEN ALGAE ON CHANGE OF THE GROWTH CONDITION

Results of researches concerning the influence of carbon nutrition and lighting on the productivity of blue-green algae and protein accumulation have been presented in this article. It was determined some differences in reaction of these organisms on changes of growth conditions, moreover, significant differences were observed on the level of species. Thus, according to our data, more intensive growth and protein accumulation in N. punctiforme 39, than in N. muscorum 81 takes place under glucose action. Change of cultivation conditions of algae is manifested to a lesser degree on the level of strain of N. punctiforme 38 and N. punctiforme 39. The intensity of glucose assimilation in darkness takes place almost in the same degree both at the level of species and strain. The addition of diuron to the nutrition medium completely depresses of growth processes, the presence of glucose in medium significantly decreases the diuron action. The reaction of algae also investigated is different on the intensity and lighting duration.

T.L. Andrienko, V.A. Onyshchenko

INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME "IMPORTANT PLAMT AREAS" (IPA) AND PERSPECTIVES OF ITS DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

The article gives a brief history of IPA network. A special attention is granted to the IPA selection criteria. Results of IPA projects in some countries are considered. Perspectives of the IPA network in Ukraine are discussed.

№2 (2007)

Ya.P. Didukh

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ENERGY RECOURCES OF UKRAINE

Energy indicators for reservoirs and gain of phytomass, litter and soils of Ukraine in general and different types of its ecosystems have been calculated for the first time. Real and potential indicators are being compared. Correlations between intensity of phytomass accumulation and energy of its degradation have been elucidated. Influence of anthropogenic factor has lead to 2.8 times decrease of energy resources of phytomass (33•10¹⁸ J), 2 time decrease of energy resources of litter (6•10¹⁸ J), and 20-30% decrease of potentially possible resources of soils (140-155•10¹⁸ J). Ratio of energy resourses of biomass to soil was estimated as 1:4.7. Such a ratio indicates high fertility energy intensity of soils of Ukraine as well as degradation and disturbed state of biotic block. Energy indicators are an effective way of evaluation of intensity of anthropogenic influence pointing out human attitude to nature. Evaluation of energy resourses should serve as base for elaboration of mechanisms providing stable sustainable development of community

P.M. Ustymenko, D.V. Dubyna, F.D. Gamor

THE CARPATHIAN BIOSPHERE RESERVE, RAKHIV TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION VEGETATION OF THE RESERVE AREA "VALLEY OF NARCISSI": CURRENT STATE AND DYNAMIC TENDENCY

The present paper calls attention to description of vegetation of the reserve area "Valley of narcissi" (the Transcarpathian Region). Many of investigations have confirmed the territorial predominance and the most phytocoenotic diversity of meadow type presented by genuine, swamp and peaty meadows. Other types of vegetation (shrub, mire, air-aquatic and aquatic) are less diverse and occupy smaller areas. Comparison of the results obtained and fond materials point out the considerable changes of vegetation, namely: coenotic structure, decrease of genuine meadow areas and increase of peaty meadows. The last are distinguished by phytocoenoses Molinieta caeruleae prevailing as a result of changes of edaphotopes, which take place under influence of repeated floods. The authors suggest to consider effective nature conservation activities in the reserve area within the system of measures for conservation of natural complexes of all territory of the Khustets river valley. To provide the monitoring it is expedient to create the large-scale ecological maps.

Yu.A. Zlobin, K.S. Kirilchuk, O.M. Tikhonova, T.I. Melnik

IINTERCONDITIONALITY OF FORMING VEGETATIVE AND GENERATIVE SPHERE OF PLANTS: A METHOD OF CANONICAL CORRELATIONS

In development of these structures and integrated character of an expenditure by plants material and power resources. The In 12 species of annual and perennial herb plants at forest-steppe conditions of Ukraine the individuality of morphological structure shown in specificity of meanings of the basic quantitative morphological parameters is revealed: the size overground phytomass, leaf surface, and weight and number generative organs. By a method of the canonical analysis established, that the factors of initial correlation between vegetative and generative structures of the investigated species of plants always positive and lay in amplitude from 0,792 up to 0,999, that specifies proportionality greatest contribution to importance of canonical correlation brought in vegetative sphere of plants — the overground phytomass size and leaf surface, and in generative sphere — the phytomass of generative structures and size of reproductive allocation. The method of the initial analysis with calculation of canonical correlations and canonical weights has appeared the effective and informed tool for the analysis of forming and status vegetative and generative structures of plants. The reproductive effort at individuals of the different size is generically protected and varies less, than the sizes of plants, that conducts to negative meanings of pair correlation coefficients between morphoparametrs of vegetative sphere of plants and reproductive effort. The hypothesis of perception photoperiod of plants, sensitive to it, is proved depending on achievement by them of the necessary threshold size, which explains the numerous and inconsistent facts of the control of reproduction by the sizes individuals.

M.M. Fedoronchuk, S.L. Mosyakin, M.V. Shevera, L.M. Gubar

TYPF OF SPECIES OF FAMILY POACEAE DESCRIBED FROM UKRAINE: GENUS AGROPYRON P. GAERTN., AGROSTIS L., AGROTRYGIA TZVELEV, APERA ADANS., AVENA L., BRIZA L., BROMOPSIS (DUMORT.) FOURR., BROMUS L., CALAMAGROSTIS ADANS.

The list of species of vascular plants of the family Poaceae (genus Agropyron P. Gaertn., Agrostis L., Agrotrygia Tzvelev, Apera Adans., Avena L., Briza L., Bromopsis (Dumort.) Fourr., Bromus L., Calamagrostis Adans.) described from Ukraine and typification of some species are provided. The following data of each species are provided: basionym, original nomenclatural citation; according protologue holotype or/and isotype, lectotype, isolectotype; herbarium (-a) at which the speciemen (s) is (are) deposited.

O.M. Optasyuk

TAXONOMIC OVERVIEW OF THE GENUS LINUM L. IN THE UKRAINIAN FLORA

A critical and taxonomic revision of the genus Linum L. In the Ukrainian flora is presented. The modified system of the genus (taxa of Ukraine) includes 8 sections, 2 subsections and 5 series (subsect. Nervosa Optasyuk, ser. Suffruticulae Optasyuk, ser. Extraaxillaria Optasyuk, ser. Squamulosa Optasyuk is described as new for science), 23 species, and 1 form.

I.N. Danylyk, V.A. Solomakha, T.D. Solomakha, Z.M. Tsymbalyuk

UTRICULARIA AUSTRALIS R. BR. (LENTIBULARIACEAE) — NEW SPECIES FOR THE SUBCARPATHIANS FLORA

During the scientific expedition in 2006 in NNP "Gutsulshchyna" a new species for the Subcarpathians flora — Utricularia australis R. Br. in the lake "Banske" in the Kosiv town of Ivano-Frankivsk region has been discovered. This species was described from Transcarpathians first for the Ukrainian flora, though the detailed information about this species in botanical issues, mentioned in this article, is absent. There are data on the morphology, taxonomy, pollen morphology and cenology of U. australis in the article.

S.V. Gapon

THE MOSSY REGIONAL DICANSKOGO LANDSCAPE PARK AND THEIR PARTICIPATION IN FORMATION OF BRYOPHYTIC COMMUNITIES

The present article gives the analysis of brioflora Dicanka regional landscape park (the left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine), that numbering 87 kinds of the mossy from two classes, 26 families, 55 species. The role of bryophyta in formation bryophytic communities is shown. Aspectual composition bryophytic the most rich in Forest Parasotski i (66 kinds). Forest Parasotskii this refresher of the nature of national significance. The emphasis is laid on Neckera complanata (Hedw.) Hьb., rare for this region. It was described to here in 1897 year. B rioflora Dicanka regional landscape park is typical for left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. She reflects it zonаl-local peculiarities.

A.Ye. Khodosovtsev, Yu.А. Khodosovtseva

NEW FOR UKRAINE SPECIES OF EPIPHYTIC LICHENS FROM URBAN ECOSYSTEMS OF YALTA AMPHYTHEATRE

The descriptions, ecology, locations and geography for ten new for Ukraine epiphytic species of lichens (Bacidia auerswaldii (Hepp ex Stizenb.) Mig., Bacidina delicata (Larbal. ex Leight.) V. Wirth & Vмzda, Pachyphiale arbuti (Bagl.) Arnold, Phaeophyscia pusilloides (Zahlbr.) Essl., Rinodina pityrea Ropin & H. Mayrh., Scoliciosporum gallurae Poelt & Vмzda, Strigula affinis (Massal.) R.G. Harris, Verrucaria sorbinea Breuss, Xanthoria steineri J.M. Lamb.) are provided. These lichens are collected after lichen indicate mapping the of urban ecosystems of Yalta amphitheatre.

Yu.Ya. Tykhonenko, Yu.I. Golubtsova

PUCCINIASTRUM ARCTICUM (LAGERH.) TRANZSCHEL — A NEW FOR UKRAINE SPECIES OF THE RUST FUNGI

A new for Ukraine rust fungus Pucciniastrum arcticum (Lagerh.) Tranzschel was recorded on Rubus saxatilis L. near Ochkyne village, Sumy oblast (N 52^о16ґ, E 33^о24ґ) in July 2005.

Yu.Ye. Kolupaev

PROBABLE ROLE OF A SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE OF WHEAT COLEOPTILES IN THE ACCUMULATION OF PEROXIDE COMPOUNDS INDUCED BY EXOGENOUS SALICYLIC ACID

The treatment of wheat coleoptiles segments with 10   µM solution of salicylic acid (SA) raised their heat resistance, caused essential increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and insignificant decrease of catalase activity. The conclusion has been made, that accumulation of peroxides induced by SA in tissues substantially is caused by SOD activity rising. It is supposed, that the oxidative stress induced by SA causes an activation of protective systems of the plant cells, necessary for the adequate response to the subsequent damaging heating.

N.Y. Taran, L.M. Batsmanova, A.A. Okanenko

ADAPTIVE REACTIONS OF DESCHAMPSIA АNTARCTICA DESV. WHICH GREW IN ANTARCTIC CONDITIONS UNDER OXIDATION STRESS ACTION Physiological and biochemical characteristics of samples of Deschampsia аntarctica plants selected from different Antarctic coastal islands during work 9 Ukrainian Antarctic expeditions of 2004 are investigated. It is shown, that activity of the basic metabolic processes at these plants depends on conditions of growth. Action of low temperatures and snow cover leads to accumulation sulphuquinovosyldiacylglycerol and the basic photosynthesizing pigments in Deschampsia аntarctica plant photosynthetic tissues, that provides optimal conditions for phototrophic nutrition, and in general, survival of plants in extreme conditions. With the purpose of studying of adaptive reactions of Deschampsia аntarctica plants they were introduced in climatic conditions of the European temperate region and their reaction to oxidative stress action comparing with Deschampsia karpatica plants was investigated. The received results specify high enough adaptive opportunities of Deschampsia аntarctica plants which adapted successfully to climatic conditions of European temperate region and appeared plastic enough to oxidative stress action.

M.M. Shcherbatyuk

STRUCTURAL AND METABOLIC FEATURES OF SHOOT'S INTERCALARY GROWTH

The results of anatomic researches beginning intercalary meristem and cell differentiation in shoots with intercalary growth are summarized. There are exist data about physiologic characteristics of cells and tissues growing internodes under discussion. The role of plant hormonal system in regulation of intercalary growth is important.

№3 (2007)

O.M. Peregrym, O.A. Futorna

STRUCTURE OF THE BRACT SURFACE IN SPECIES OF THE EUPHRASIA L. IN THE FLORA OF UKRAINE

For the first time the surface ultrastructure of bract epidermis of 19 species of the genus Euphrasia in the flora of Ukraine have been studied using SEM. The common characteristics for all studied species of the bract ultrastructure (amphistomous type of leaf, regularly spaced, unimmersed anomocitic stomata, well-developed cuticle, and mixed pubescence, formed by hairs and glands, type and location of wax deposits, general type of surface structure) have been revealed. The complexes of some diagnostic characteristics have systematical value on the sectional (type of surface structure, presence of wax crystals, type of trichomes), subsectional (type of surface structure, form and character of simple hairs distribution, presence of wax crystals), species-aggregation and species levels (type of surface structure, hairs distribution, structure of glandular hairs, form of simple hairs, presence of wax).

O.V. Lukash, O.O. Rak, D.S. Podorozhny

SPECIES OF IRIDACEAE JUSS. IN FLOOD-LANDS OF THE DESNA RIVER

The new sites are revealed, the distribution and cenotic attachment of 5 species of family Iridaceae in flood-lands of the Desna river within the limits of East Polissa are analysed. The rare species (Iris sibirica  L., Gladiolus imbricatus L., G. tenuis M. Bieb.) on a population level are investigated. Two new places of naturalization of Sisyrinchium septentrionale Bicknell. in territory of Ukraine are revealed.

V.P. Heluta, О.P. Vysotska

NEW RECORDS OF THE MUTINUS FR. SPECIES (PHALLACEAE) IN UKRAINE

Information about new records of Mutinus caninus (Huds.) Fr. and M. ravenelii (Berk. et M.A. Curtis) E. Fish. (Phallaceae, Basidiomycota) in Ukraine, rare species in Europe, is presented. It is proposed to include M. ravenelii into a new issue of the Red Data Book of Ukraine.

V.V. Rasevich, Ya. P. Didukh

POPULATIONS STRUCTURE OF DAPHNE LAUREOLA L. ON THE BORDER OF IT AREAL

The structures of 23 D. laureola populations are given: age, spatial, vitality in the ratio with the ecological factors which situated on plants habitat. Were investigated: numberity, density, ontogenetic spectrum and consorts connection of populations. Was carried out analysis on a different and similarity of Daphne plants from Crimea and Morocco. For this proper authors used structure of leaves plate and branches (17 parameters). Age populations spectra from Crimea are not complete and generally with right-hand type. On other side average density of specia 0,95 plants/m². The vital structure of populations in borders of a Cl  Erico-Pinetea is higher than Cl Quercete a-Pubescenti petraea. Quantitative analysis of leaves flat parameters has not confirmed difference between D. laureola subsp. laureola from Crimea and D. laureola var. latifolia from Atlas mountains.

I.M. Kovalenko

PROGNOSTICATION OF THE STATE OF POPULATION OF PLANTS OF HERB-UNDERSHRUB LAYER IN FOREST AREA ON THE BASIS OF CORRELATION-REGRESSIVE MODEL

At development prognosis models it was set that in most measure age of forest trees and degree of his serried influence on the state of the population explored plants of herb-undershrub layer tier. Dependence of vitality structure of population of herb-undershrub layer tier on age of forest trees answers regressive equalization: Q = –0,146 + 0,007 AGE, and she has a tendency to be increased as far as the increase of age of forest trees (subject to the condition, if age of forest trees anymore for 25 years). Dependence of vitality structure of population from serried of forest trees respond to condition: Q = 0,181 + 0,07 CLOSE, and also has a tendency to the increase. The method of diagnostics of the state of population is approved, suitable for monitoring of their dynamics in the conditions of protected. The prognosis of state is done and development of herb-undershrub layer tier in the forests of region on the nearest 30 years. It is shown that with development of suktsesyons process, there will be the increase of vitality population of herb-undershrub layer tier on a gradient on territory of the Desnyansko-Starogutsky national natural park: depressive —> equilibrium —> prosperous at the decline of general age population.

K.S. Kyrylchuk

AGE AND VITALITY STRUCTURES OF THE LEGUMES POPULATIONS ON THE FLOOD MEADOWS OF THE PSYOL-RIVER (FOREST-STEPPE ZONE) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FARMING USING

The high pascual loadings leads to substantial changes of populations age and vitality structures. So, in age spectrums of the studying meadows legumes herbs on the pascual gradient the stakes of oldest generative and post-generative individuals are increase and the stakes of beforgenerative states individuals are decrease, that's why the potential possibilities of population to control territory in phytocenosis for a long time are reduce. The haying loadings renders more soft influence on an age structure, because the stake of beforegenerative state individuals is remained concerning so high. The analysis of vitality structure is demonstrated that mainly high pascual (stages of PD3 and PD4), and the haying (FD3) loadings are excessive for the most populations of the studying legumes species. It causes the transition of individuals of populations from the classes of "а" and "b" in the class of "с". Quality of populations falls substantially, that is the threat to existence of specie in phytocenosis. T. repens and M. lupulina are more sustainable to the pasture and haymaking. But on the whole due to the expressed displacement of vitality structure of populations from prosperous to depressed all legumes meadow herbs are unsteady to the unoptimum modes of exploitation of flood meadows in the forest-steppe zone, the participation of its strongly goes down in grass-stand, the results of its are the low quality of the forages and the unnormal common functioning of the meadow ecosystem.

D.M. Yakushenko

ADDITION TO CLASSIFICATION OF TALL-HERBS VEGETATION OF UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS

The tall-herb — schrub communities with dominance of Spiraea chamaedryfolia and Calamagrostis arundinaceae which are formed on disturbed sandstone cobble substrates in spruce forest belt of Gorgany Natural Reserve were described. These communities belong to Calamagrostio-Spireetum chamaedryfoliae Resmeriюг et Csьrцs 1966 assotiation (Mulgedio-Aconitetea Hada и et Klika in Klika 1948), which was mentioned for the first time for the Ukrainian Carpathians. Spiraea chamaedryfolia, Calamagrostis arundinacea, Galium intermedium, Rosa pendulina, Sedum carpaticum, Rubus idaeus, Athyrium filix-femina, Hypericum maculatum Dryopteris filix-mas are presented with a high constansy. Speceas of Mulgedio-Aconitetea class play significant role in such communities. Floristic composition, coenotic structure and ecological peculiarities of these communities have been defined. Descbribed communitues are developed in mesophitic — hygromesophitic subacidophilous — acidophilous mesotrophic — semieutrophic hemonitrophilous hemicarbonatophobous conditions.

M.S. Shevchenko, I.A. Tymchenko, I.Yu. Parnikoza

THE UNIQUE LOCALITY OF THE LIPARIS LOESELII (L.) RICH. IN КYIV CITY

The Liparis loeselii locality was found in Kyiv after 85 year interval. The orchid grows on wet meadow that was ploughed up six year ago. In spite of the significant antropogenous pressure the population is characterized by high number of individuals (more one hundred), complete age spectra, predominance of generative individuals and seed reproduction. Now danger of building in this territory exist what is why locus and nearest territory with Epipactis palustris, Dactylorhiza incarnata and Ophioglossum vulgatum populations must be proclaimed as reservation.

I.D. Gumenyuk, L.I. Musatenko

THE ADAPTATIONS OF PERSICARIA AMPHIBIA (L). DELARBRE TO CHANGES OF WATER ENVIRONMENT

The features of adaptation Persicaria amphibia to changes of water environment are investigated. Is shown, that the anatomo-morphological adaptations consist in changes of thickness of leaves, quantity of cells of mesophyl and epidermis, their sizes, reduction of quantity of stomata, formation of amphystomata leaves, changes of quantity of stomata and formation of pilary leaves. Researches of the contents of АBA in leaves has shown, that in the beginning of vegetation prevailed conjugated АBA in terrestrial forms, in comparison with water form. During flowering at top leaves of terrestrial forms the presence both free, and conjugated АBA, whereas at water  — only conjugated is marked. The intensity of allocation ethylene of leaves of the water form was much more (at 18 — 20 of time), than terrestrial form.

N.P. Vedenicheva

CYTOKININS IN PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. ORGANS DURING REPRODUCTIVE PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT Cytokinins distribution in Ph. vulgaris leaves, stem, roots and flowers during plants reproductive development was studied. Decrease in zeatin and zeatin riboside content in leaves after flowering beginning was shown. These hormones levels increased after pollination. It can be assumed that increase in active cytokinins concentrations was a result of their transport from roots and was connected with seeds and fruits setting.

№4 (2007)

Ya.P. Didukh

GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYS OF FLORA: HISTORY, PRESENT TIME AND FUTURE

The history of development of geography of plants, approaches to classification of areals and the concept of "the geographical element of a flora" are considered in brief. It is concluded that an attempt to delimit criteria for division of areals violates four rules of formal logic and thus creation of a universal classification of such criteria is impossible. Application of systemological polythetic classification that incorporates quantitative measurements of elements according to corresponding scales for various characters instead of delimiting elements is suggested. Climate scales (thermo-, ombro-, crioregime and  continentality) reflecting pecificity of a species range were used to evaluate geographical structure of flora. Quantitative evaluation of species' areals of three model taxa (Caryophyllaceae, Brassicaceae, Ranunculaceae), a number of smaller families and flora of the Ukraine as a whole (2028 species) revealed the proximity of their average indices. When mapped, such a distribution results in a clear pattern of concentration of isochors' intersections, named "the target effect". The latter effect can be explained by the laws of organization of geographical structure; in particular by following the principles of symmetry of areals distribution in respect to the flora of a given region. Such a structure is considered from the standpoint of principles of organization of areals of a large scale econiche at a regional level. The discovered target effect is of importance for prognostic applications.

Аn.V.  Yena

HISTORY OF PLANT GEOGRAPHY IN UKRAINE: A BRIEF OVERVIEW

The article provides an overview of key figures, major achievements and problems in development of geography of plants in Ukraine.

M.M. Fedoronchuk

SPECIES OF VASCULAR PLANTS DESCRIBED FROM THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE, THEIR TYPIFICATION AND CRITICAL TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS: THE FAMILE ROSACEAE JUSS. (GENERA AMYGDALUS L., CERASUS МILL., COTONEASTER MEDIK., PRUNUS L., PYRUS L., SORBUS L., SPIRAEA L.)

The list of species of Rosaceae Juss. (genera: Amygdalus  L., Cerasus Мill., Cotoneaster Medik., Prunus  L., Pyrus  L., Sorbus  L., Spiraea  L.) described from the territory of Ukraine, incl. Crimea, is presented. Typification were carried out on the base of the analysis of protologs and study of authentic herbarium material. Literature citations, basionym, type and place of keeping, ecological and chorological pecularities and new taxonomical information are presented for each species.

S.M. Panchenko, O.O. Rak

POPULATIAN GOODYERA REPENS (L.)R. BR. (ORCHIDACEAE) IN THE DESNIANSKO-STAROGUTSKY NATURAL NATURE PARK