2012 №1, №2, №3, №4

№1 (2012)

S.I. Genkal, V.G. Kharitonov
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF SOME SPECIES OF THE GENUS ACHNANTHES S.L. (BACILLARIOPHYTA, PENNATOPHYCEAE)
Morphological variability of 9 representatives of pennate diatoms (Achnanthes impexa Lange-Bert., Achnanthidium helveticum (Hust.) Monnier et al., Ach. kriegeri (Krasske) Hamilton et al., Ach. subatomoides (Hust.) Monnier et al., Karayevia laterostrata (Hust.) Round et Bukht., Nupella imperfecta (Schimanski) Lange-Bert., N. tenuicephala (Hust.) Lange-Bert., Psammothidium levanderi (Hust.) Czarn., P. marginulatum (Grunow) Bukht. et Round) in a deep ultraoligotrophic cold-water Lake Elgygytgyn (Chukotka, Russia) and waterbodies of its basin was studied. It is shown that qualitative (shape of a valve, axial and middle field and quantitative (length and width of a valve, number of stria in 10 m) features of the algae vary to a greater extent than it is described in literature. A broadened diagnosis of Ach. kriegeri and a new combination: Nupella impexa (Lange-Bert.) Genkal et Kharitonov comb. nov. are presented.

E.N. Demchenko, T.I. Mikhailyuk

PECULIARITIES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION OF SOME NEW FOR THE FLORA OF UKRAINE AND RARE SPECIES OF VOLVOCALES (CHLOROPHYTA)
The results of investigation of sexual reproduction and life cycles of two new for the flora of Ukraine and two rare species of green flagellate algae are presented. Sexual reproduction of Chlamydomonas sphagnicola (F.E. Fritsch) F.E. Fritsch et Takeda is found for the first time. The details of structure of some stages of life cycle and behavior of sexual reproduction of Ch. suboogama Tscherm.-Woess, Ch. coccifera Gorozh. and Oogamochlamys gigantea (O. Dill) Proschold et al. are specified.The data of morphology, ecology, geographical distribution of these species are summarized and completed; original drawings and micrographs are provided as well. The materials concerned taxonomy of studied species in the light of peculiarities of their sexual reproduction as well as data of molecular phylogeny are discussed.

Sh. Rostama, A.I. Bozhkov, A.V. Goltvyanskiy
EFFECT OF COPPER, LEAD AND CADMIUM IONS ON THE INDUCTION OF CELLS OF DUNALIELLA VIRIDIS (CHLOROPHYTA) AGGREGATION
The effect of various concentrations of copper, cadmium and lead to loss of cell motility and the dynamics of Dunaliella viridis Teodor. induced aggregation of cells. The introduction of ions of copper, lead and cadmium in the culture medium led to loss of mobility of cell Dunaliella, which depended on the concentration of metal ions in the medium. However, this dependence was not linear. The process of immobilization of cells developed over time in the case of copper and lead, and cadmium ions had to place the principle of "all or nothing". Ions of copper and lead induced aggregation of cells, which depended on the concentration of ions in the medium and incubation time. At the same time cadmium ions had no effect on the induction of aggregation of cells. All the metal ions can be divided into two groups: those inducing aggregation and did not induce aggregation of cells of Dunaliella viridis.

V.A. Silkin, V.D. Dzizurov, V.K. Chasovnikov, N.I. Esin
MODELLING NITRATE UPTAKE AND NITRITE RELEASE BY SEAWEED
The kinetics of nitrate uptake, their assimilation in cell and the kinetics of nitrite release under different initial concentrations of nitrates is described with the help of mathematical model. Hypothesis of immutability of ferments taking part in transformation of different forms of nitrogen is assumed as a basis of the model. The content of these ferments can be changed only; the induction of their synthesis depends on the initial concentration of nitrates. It is shown that the maximum velocity of nitrate uptake depends on the initial concentration of nitrates and may be presented by hyperbolic function with saturation. On the example of seaweed Gelidium latifolium (Grev.) Bornet et Thur. (Rhodophyta) we showed that the maximum velocity of nitrate absorption can be 5 times more that the initial one.

Zh.V. Markina, N.A. Aizdaicher
GROWTH DYNAMICS OF MICROALGAE PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA MULTISERIES AND PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA CALLIANTHA (BACILLARIOPHYTA) UNDER SODIUM DODECYLSULFATE INFLUENCE
Microalgae Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries (Hasle) Hasle and Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha Lundholm, Moestrup et Hasle (Bacillariophyta) growth under surface active substance sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) influence was studied. P. multiseries growth was stimulated in concentration 0.05 mg/litter SDS; P. calliantha growth didn’t considerably differ from control in such conditions. Addition of toxicant in 0.1 and 1 mg/litter result in cells number decreasing of two microalgae. In SDS concentration 0.05–1 mg/litter amount cells in chains didn’t differ from control. Substance addition in 10 mg/litter inhibited microalgae growth and number of cells didn’t exceed 55% of control even at the end of experiment. P. multiseries chains became shorter, P. calliantha chains didn’t change.

O.P. Garkusha, B.G. Aleksandrov, A.Yu. Goncharov
ALGAE OF SUPRALITTORAL OF SANDY BEACHES OF THE BLACK SEA COAST IN ODESSA (UKRAINE)
The features of the spatial distribution of interstitial microalgae from natural and artificial beaches have been studied. Set to high level of similarity in species composition, and almost the same numbers of algae were determined on the beaches. It was found that microalgae on a sandy beach are distributed unevenly, depending on the horizon of sand and distance from the water toward the land.  The stimulating effect of the pore (interstitial) water on the growth of psammon microalgae has been shown.

B. Zarei-Darki
DISTRIBUTION FEATURES OF ORDER OF SPHAEROPLEALES (CHLOROPHYCEAE) IN THE DIFFERENT WATER BODIES OF IRAN
In the investigated water bodies 91 species represented by 99 infraspecific taxa (infr. taxa) of Sphaeropleales are revealed. Maximal number of species 62 (65 infr. taxa) found in the rivers followed by reservoirs, 58 species (62 infr. taxa); lakes, 29 species (33 infr. taxa); swamps, 55 species (61 infr. taxa) and ponds, 53 species (56 infr. taxa) was recorded. Similarity between all types of water bodies is observed at a level of Desmodesmus genera and the rivers and reservoirs are most similar. The lakes and ponds are characterized by the greatest specificity. According to the literary analysis, altogether 122 species represented by 137 infraspecific taxa of Sphaeropleales are cited for different water bodies of Iran, including 60 species (67 infr. taxa) revealed by author.

O.G. Gorokhova, I.I. Popchenko, L.G. Korneva, S.I. Genkal, V.N. Pautova
ADDITION TO TAXONOMIC LIST OF PHYTOPLANKTON OF IVANKOVO RESERVOIR (RUSSIA)
The results of study of phytoplankton of Ivankovo reservoir are presented. The 380 taxa were revealed, from them 102 earlier not cited for this reservoir; 2 taxa are recorded for the first time for Volga reservoirs. Taxonomic list of these species is given. The taxonomic and eco-geographical characteristics of the flora of planktic algae known before 1992 are analyzed.

G.G. Lilitskaya, P.M. Tsarenko
BACILLARIOPHYTA OF LAKE DONUZLAV (THE CRIMEA, UKRAINE)
The first data about Bacillariophyta of Lake Donuzlav are present. 40 species were found in plankton of Lake Donuzlav. Four taxa (Actinocyclus subtilis (W. Greg.) Ralfs in Pritchard, Achnanthes subsessilis Kutz., Amphora mexicana A. Schmidt, Plagiotropis lepidoptera (W. Greg.) Kutz. var. intermedia Kisselev) are new for the flora of Ukraine. Reality of variety Plagiotropis lepidoptera (W. Greg.) Kutz. var. intermedia Kisselev emend. Lilitsk. et P. Tsarenko was confirmed; the diagnosis of the taxon was supplemented. Dominant complex of planktonic algae was fixed for freshwater and saline parts of Lake Donuzlav.

M.S. Kulikovskiy, S.I. Genkal
New combination for Pseudostaurosira subconstricta (Grunow) Kulikovskiy & Genkal comb. nov., stat. nov. is suggested.

№2 (2012)

S.S. Melnikov, E.E. Manankina, T.V. Samovich, E.A. Budakova

INFLUENCE OF LIGHT AND DARK PERIODS ALTERNATION ON PRODUCTION OF SPIRULINA (ARTHROSPIRA) PLATENSIS (NORDST.) GEITLER
The influence of constant illumination and six photoperiodic modes of different duration on production of blue-green alga Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis was investigated. It was shown established, that dark the periods during alga cultivation were essential for effective biosynthesis of biomass, proteins, carotenoids, phycocyanin and chlorophyll. The highest rates of biomass, proteins and pigments biosynthesis were observed for 14 days at 10 h light to 14 h dark cycle and 12 h light to 12 h dark cycle. Under such conditions Spirulina synthesised almost twice as much biomass, proteins and pigments per kW·h, than under constant illumination.

A.N. Solonenko

SOME PECULIARITIES OF THE DESTRUCTION CLADOFORA SIVASHENSIS C. MEYER (CHLOROPHYTA) ORGANIC SUBSTANCE
The author investigates the processes of the organic substance of the green seaweed Cladophora sivaschensis C. Meyer destruction in the brine of the amphibian areas, located on the Berdyansk foreland at the Lake Red and on the Arabat Spit not far from the Lake Zyablovskoye. It is shown that the destruction of C. sivaschensis organic substance causes the changes of pH environment and the decrease of the dissolved oxygen quantity. The most intensiveness of the destruction process occurs under the middle-summer temperature (25^оC) during the 10^th – 12^th days, and under the middle-year (14^оС) during the 16^th – 18^th days.

L.A. Pautova, V.A. Silkin, A.S. Mikaelyan, T.A. Lukashova

CHAETOCEROS THRONDSENII (BACILLARIOPHYTA) ? NEW SPECIES IN THE BLACK SEA: GROWTH IN NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS
In May-June 2005 in the northeastern Black Sea, on its shelf, slope, and in the open sea, intensive (up to 1.92х105 cells/L) growth of alien species, Chaetoceros throndsenii (Marino, Montresor & Zingone) Marino, Montresor & Zingone was observed. At the same time, a mass development of coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Lohm.) Hay et Mohl. took place, cell numbers of which reached the level of blooms. The experimental studies of natural phytoplankton community have shown that the synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus supply promoted intensive growth of Ch. throndsenii. A complete removal of this species’ cells in the continuous (chemostat) culture took place when a dilution rate was 0.25 day^-1. When the dilution rate was 0.15 day^-1 short-term (7 days) coexistence of Ch. throndsenii and Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima (Hasle) Hasle was observed. The maximal growth rate of new species in continuous culture was recorded during the first three days at was 1.4 day^-1. A maximal cell degradation of Ch. throndsenii (0.5 day^-1) was recorded in the last phase of the bath culture with the synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus supply. A low rate of water exchange in the surface mixed layer (< 0.15 day^-1), stable stratification and relatively small nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are necessary for appearance and long existence of this alien species in the Black Sea.

B.G. Alexandrov, L.M. Terenko, D.A. Nesterova
THE FIRST CASE OF A WATER BLOOM BY NODULARIA SPUMIGENA MERT. EX BORN. ET FLAH. (CYANOPHYTA) IN THE BLACK SEA
The first case of a water bloom caused by cyanobacteria of Nodularia spumigena in the Black Sea has been studied. The maximum abundance of the species in the bloom patch was 585.6·10⁶ of filaments·per L^-1, biomass – 6.2 kg·m^-3. Mass development of the species was observed in mid July 2010 at 24.9?27.0 sea water temperature and 12.9?14.5 salinity. The dynamics of the abundance of N. spumigena and accompanying phytoplankton species has been analyzed. Possible reasons for the bloom of microalgae have been discussed.

E.A. Zhegallo, E.I. Tembrel, G.A. Karpov, L.M. Gerasimenko, V.K. Orleansky
THE ALGOBACTERIAL MAT AND ITS ROLE IN SILICA DEPOSITS (CASE STUDY OF THE CALDERA OF UZON VOLCANO, KAMCHATKA)
The role algobacterial mat in accumulation of silicon in sedimentary rock of hydrothermal sources is investigated. It is shown, that formation of this rock is result of influence of three factors: the content a plenty of silicon in water of a source (up to 400 mg/L; growth algobacterial mat in a stream of water of a source; the formation and accumulation of gas bubbles under layers of algobacterial mat. Gas acts from punctures of a bottom of a stream of a source and raises separate site slayers of mat. Height of such eminences are about 5 cm above a surface of a level of a stream. In these eminences there is an evaporation of hydrothermal water and accumulation of silicon. Result of this process ? formation of siliceous plates on current of hydrothermal  stream. These siliceous  plates include strings of cyanobacteria. Authors name such rock filled with biota, biosilicite. Thickness of deposits under algobacterial mat  reach up to 30 cm in area of a hydrothermal source. The received data help to decipher conditions sedimentation of the most ancient hydrothermal systems.

G.G. Lilitskaya
DESMIDIALES ROUND (STREPTOPHYTA) OF SOME WATER BODIES OF KIEV (UKRAINE)
The first data about Desmidiales of two Kiev lakes (Syneye and Goluboye) are present. 70 species (74 infr. taxa) were found in the lakes. Two species (Cosmarium cyaneilacustre Lilitska sp. nov. and C. reticulatum Lilitska sp. nov.) were described as a new for sciences. Latin diagnosis, pictures, electron microscopic photography of the species are presented. Two species (Cosmarium angulare Johnson, C. netzerianum Schmidle) and one forma (Cosmarium tetragonum (Nageli) Arch. in Pritch. var. lundelii Coocke f. minus Croasdale) are new for Ukrainian flora.

F.P. Tkachenko, E.B. Kucin

SPECIES OF GENUS VAUCHERIA DC. BASINS OF NORTH-WEST BLACK SEA NEAR-BY TERRITORY (UKRAINE)
Species composition of genus Vaucheria DC. in different type basins of the North-West Black Sea near-by territory and contiguous area of water of the Black Sea was investigate. It was established that 4 species of this genus (V. terrestris, V. woroniniana, V. sessilis and V. hamata) from 6 revealed there are new for area of investigations.

O.S. Tarashchuk, T.F. Shevchenko, P.D. Klochenko

PHYTOEPIPHYTON OF THE RIVER SECTION OF THE KANEV RESERVOIR (UKRAINE)
The distribution of epiphyton algae over higher aquatic plants of different ecological groups occurring in the river section of the Kanev Reservoir was investigated. A total of 206 species of algae represented by 215 infraspecific taxa, including those containing nomenclatural types of species of 7 divisions, 14 classes, 29 orders, 45 families, and 78 genera was registered as a result of the performed investigations. It has been found that the distribution of epiphyton algae species over higher aquatic plants belonging to different ecological groups is non-uniform. On submerged plants, the number of algae species and their infraspecific taxa, their genera, families, orders, and classes was essentially higher than that on plants belonging to the other ecological groups.

E.M. Klimova, E.V. Lavinskaya

USE OF THE MICROALGAE DUNALIELLA VIRIDIS TEODOR. (CHLOROPHYTA) AS A CELL BIOINDICATOR

It has been investigated the influence of cytotoxic components of the blood serum of patients with critical conditions (acute varicose thrombosis and deep vein thrombosis, myasthenia gravis, biliary cirrhosis, pancreatonecrosis, burns.) on the cells of microalgae Dunaliella viridis. The responses of bioindicator cells indicate about the presence mechanisms of cytotoxic actions affecting the metabolic activity, the functioning of the membrane complex, the ion channels of cells. Qualitative and quantitative differences between the reactions of microalgae, as well as the concentration dependence of cytotoxic factors indicate that the number and nature of these factors is different at different critical conditions.

№3 (2012)

I.Yu. Kostikov, E.N. Demchenko, V.R. Boiko, A.A. Goncharov

CHLOROCHYTRIUM HYPANICUS SP. NOV. (CHLOROPHYCEAE) AND ITS POSITION IN THE SYSTEM OF PROTOSIPHONALES

The description of a new species of green algae, Chlorochytrium hypanicus sp. nov. (Chlorophyceae), found in a flow of mud from the Southern Bug River (Ukraine) is presented. The analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the nuclear gene of 18S rDNA showed the position of this species in the system of Stephanosphaerinia macroclade, which generally corresponds to the previously proposed order Protosiphonales. It is shown that, in this order, incorporating four clades and "Protosiphonales incertae sedis" group of taxa, Chlorochytrium hypanicus, belongs to the clade corresponding Protosiphonaceae s.l., whose members differ from other representatives of this order by the presence of naked biflagellate zoospores. Morphologically, Ch. hypanicus is similar to Ch. lemnae Cohn, differing from it by anterior stigma in zoospores, thicker envelope of subsenile cells, a finely tuberculate envelope of akinetes, and by mode of life (free-living, not endophytic). From other species of the genus Chlorochytrium Cohn,new species differ by fission of desmoschisis type, leading to the formation of dyads, packages, and pleurococcal clusters. We discuss the volume, diacritical features, and structure of Protosiphonaceae, including the similarity of the results of molecular genetic and phenotypic approaches in the taxonomy of this family.

N.V. Efremova, V.P. Bulmaga, V.A. Reva, V.F. Rudic, T.V. Kiriac, A.P. Gulea, L.S. Zosim, D.I. Elenchuc, S.V. Djur, Ch.M. Bivol

THE INFLUENCE OF SOME METALLOCOMPLEXES ON PHYCOCYANIN CONTENT AND SUPEROXIDDISMUTASE ACTIVITY IN THE BIOMASS OF SPIRULINA PLATENSIS (NORDST.) GEITLER (CYANOPHYTA)

The influence of some metallocomplexes of Mn (II) и Zn (II) on phycocyanin content and superoxiddismutase activity in the biomass of blue-green algae Spirulina platensis has been investigated and new procedures of obtaining of spirulina biomass with high content of antioxidants of protein nature have been elaborated. As a result of the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis the biochemical composition of obtained protein extracts "SP-SOD/Phyco-1" and "SP-SOD/Phyco-2", including the water-soluble pigment – phycocyanin and the enzyme - superoxiddismutase (SOD), has been established. This investigation demonstrates the possibility of utilization of S. platensis as biotechnological object for the obtaining of antioxidants of protein nature.

L.G. Korneva

TAXONOMIC COMPOSITION AND ECOLOGY OF GREEN ALGAE (CHLOROPHYTA AND STREPTOPHYTA) IN SHALLOW WEAKLY MINERALIZED FOREST LAKES

The results of studies (1989–1999) on the flora and dominant assemblages of planktonic greens (Chlorophyta and Streptophyta) in seven shallow weakly mineralized forest lakes are presented. The lakes are located on the area of the Darwin State National Reserve (Vologda Oblast, Russia). It is shown that the process of increasing lake acidity is accompanied by decline in the general richness of greens, especially of order Sphaeropleales and Chlorellales. At the same time, the proportion of species preferring high acidity and low content of organic matter and salts increases, as well as of number of dominant species, relative biomass of Chlorophyta and Streptophyta owing to algae of orders Zygnematales and Desmidiales. The possible morphological and physiological adaptations of individual representatives of greens promoting their development in acidic lakes are discussed.

L.V. Snitko, V.P. Snitko

PHYTOPLANKTON OF DEEP-WATER LAKES OF SOUTHERN URAL DURING A HIGH LEVEL OF WATER (RUSSIA)

The paper deals with the results of original studies of the phytoplankton taxonomical diversity and structure of dominant complexes phytoplankton in the deep-water lakes of Southern Ural are submitted during a multiwater hydrological cycle. In general, the lake phytoplankton is dominated by green, diatoms and chrysophyta with appreciable participation Dinophyta and the considerable part of blue-green algae.

O.P. Bazhenova, N.N. Barsukova, L.V. German, I.Yu. Igoshkina, О.А. Konovalova, О.О. Маmayeva

CHRYSOPHYTA OF RESERVOIRS AND WATER CURRENTS OF OMSK PRIIRTYSHYE (RUSSIA)

Data about specific composition, expansion and an abundance of golden algae (Chrysophyta) in the rivers and reservoirs of pool of average Irtysh is cited. In comparison with the XX century specific riches and number of golden algae have considerably increased that is connected with eutrophication and pollution by organic matters of water objects of Omsk Priirtyshye.

F.P. Tkachenko, E.F. Kostilyov, I.P. Tretyak

MACROPHYTOBENTHOS OF SMALL PHYLLOPHORA FIELD (KARKINIT BAY, BLACK SEA, UKRAINE) The results of study on macrophytobenthos littoral area in the ІІ Small phyllophora field region of Karkinit Bay (Black Sea) are presented. 48 species of macrophytes (Phaeophyta – 9, Rhodophyta – 26, Chlorophyta – 10 and Magnoliophyta – 3) were revealed. Their ecology and biology peculiarity were analyzed. It was concluded that algoflora of investigating area of Bay appreciably changed in comparison with 60-s years last century. Their comparative coefficient by Sorensen is 40 %.

О.S. Gorbulin

COMPLEXES OF DOMINANT PHYTOPLANKTON FORMS FROM DIFFERENT TYPES WATER BODIES

Selected set of dominant forms of phytoplankton as a result of processing 340 quantitative samples of phytoplankton from the water reservoirs of different types of Seversky Donets basin (river, floodplain water bodies, fertilized fish ponds). In this complex includes 108 species: Cyanophyta (Cyanoprokaryota) – 25, Dinophyta – 5, Cryptophyta – 4, Chrysophyta – 8, Xanthophyta – 4, Bacillariophyta – 14, Euglenophyta – 4, Chlorophyta – 44. We give a list of them. For each calculated frequency of occurrence and dominance of individual indexes.

O.N. Vinogradova, O.V. Kovalenko

SUBFAMILY LEPTOLYNGBYOIDEAE ANAGN. ET KOMAREK (OSCILLATORIALES, CYANOPROKARYOTA) IN FLORA OF UKRAINE WITH REFERENCE TO ECOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF TAXA

The results of the revision of taxa of subfamily Leptolyngbyoideae (Oscillatoriales, Cyano-prokaryota) found in Ukraine with special reference to their ecological peculiarities are presented. The checklist of 46 species of Ukrainian flora belonging to genera Planktolyngbya (4 species), Leibleinia (4), and Leptolyngbya (38 species) is given. A new nomenclatural combination: Leptolyngbya ucrainica (Elenkin) O.M. Vynogr. comb. nov. is proposed.

№4 (2012)

V.M. Mokrosnop, E.K. Zolotareva

THE EFFECT OF SELECTED FUNGICIDES  ON  GROWTH  OF EUGLENA GRACILIS KLEBS (EUGLENOPHYTA) CULTURE

Culture of Euglena gracilis growing mixotrophycally is subject to fungal infection. 4 fungicides which widely used in agriculture to protect plants against fungal infections were tested for suppression of the development of spores or mycelia of pathogenic fungi in the   E. gracilis culture. It was analyzed the effect of propineb, mancozeb, benomyl and the mixture (1:1) of famoxadon and cymoksanil added to the liquid and agar mineral nutrient medium containing glutamic acid as an exogenous carbon source. It is shown that the contact fungicides propineb and mancozeb in tested concentrations kill algal cells but do not suppress the growth of fungi. Benomyl, as well as a combined preparation of famoxadon and cymoksanil (1:1), inhibits the growth of fungi and did not suppress the cell growth of microalgae E. gracilis. The experiments, directed to detection of the viability of spores in the culture suspensions, showed that only benomyl at concentrations which do not affect the growth of microalgae, significantly reduces the number of viable spores. Thus, as a result of the study, it was found that benomyl at a concentration of 20 mg/ml is of potential value in eliminating fungal contaminants from culture of E. gracilis.

M.V. Makarov, I.V. Ryzhik, G.M. Voskoboinikov

THE EFFECT OF FUCUS VESICULOSUS L. (PHAEOPHYCEAE) LOCATION IN THE DEPTH ON ITS MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS (BARENTS SEA, RUSSIA)

Investigation of species diversity of epiphytes and phytophages, thalus morphology, growth rates, intensity of photosynthesis, composition and ratio of photosynthetic pigments, metabolic activity of cells of brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus, placed on depths from 0 to 15 m, was carried out. Results of researches have shown that in the absence of an interspecific competition the depth of 0.5 m is more favorable for Barents Sea F. vesiculosus growth.

A.N. Petrov, E.L. Nevrova

PROGNOSTIC ESTIMATION OF BENTHIC DIATOMS SPECIES

Benthic diatoms species richness had been analyzed based on materials collected in 1996–2009 at 8 near shore locations of SW Crimea. Totally 93 stations were sampled on sandy-muddy substrate within depth range 6–48 m. At total, 433 diatom species were found by results of cell calculations in Goryaev chamber and microscoping of permanent slides. Prognostic estimation of the expected diatom species richness (S_exp) was performed by application of 4 estimators (jack-knife-1 & 2, Chao-2 and Karakassis-S_∞). The statistical assessment of the estimators’ results accuracy and evaluation of optimal ratio between minimal sampling efforts and maximal information about diatom species richness at the certain sampling location were conducted. The estimation accuracy of the S_exp is increased proportionally to sampling efforts. Magnitude of S_exp, resulted by estimator S_∞, displayed the most similar values to the really observed species number (S_obs). Overestimation of Sobs values (not more than 10–13 %) was found under consideration of 12–15 samples or less, and slightly underestimation (3–5 %) when number of samples exceeds 40–43. The other estimators gave large overestimated results of the expected species richness (Chao – from 21 to 70 % higher than S_obs, Jack-knife – 23–58 %), calculated by randomization for increasing row of all samples. Based on relative error (RE) and squared relative deviation (SRD) the estimators’ accuracy depending on biotopes peculiarities and sampling efforts was evaluated. It was shown, all estimators give overestimated results of the S_exp (1.3 to 1.8 times) under consideration of few samples (4–6). Under extension of station number up to 15–20, Chao and Jack-knife estimators give decreasing of the RE and SRD values. Estimator S_∞ quite precisely evaluates parameter S_exp after the first 7-8 permutated samples. The parameters of generalized log-dependence between number of samples (1 to 93) and ratio (%) of species richness, totally registered in near shore water areas of SW Crimea (433 spp.) were determined. Detection of about 50 % of all species registered in SW Crimea on sandy/muddy substrates within 5-45 m depth range is required consideration of not less than 10 randomized stations. Similarly, revelation of 67 % of total species richness is necessary to study not less than 20 stations, and 80 % ones – about 40 stations (on assumption the equal probability of any species presence in samples). Application of this dependence can be recommended for prognostic evaluation of percent share of diatom species richness in relation to different sampling efforts under exploring of ecologically similar and earlier not studied coastal areas of the Black Sea.

L.I. Kopyrina

ALGAE OF WATER BODIES OF THE VERKHOYANSK MOUNTAINS (YAKUTIA, RUSSIA)

It is the first time a synopsis of algae flora of water bodies from valley and forest complexes was made according to the geographical types of the Verkhoyansk Mountains. 598 species represented by 717 infraspecific taxa including typical ones from 165 genera, 96 families and 10 divisions were found. We made a comparison of the flora of the examined water bodies in the Verhoyansk Mountains and found three dominant diatoms in the three geographical types: 229 algae taxa in Central Verkhoyanie, 193 – in East Verkhoyanie and 145 – in West Verkhoyanie. 50 new algae taxa from 5 divisions are first reported for Yakutia. These are Bacillariophyta – 21, Chlorophyta – 11, Chrysophyta – 9, Cyanophyta – 8 and Dinophyta – 1 species.

E.P. Belous

PHYTOPLANKTON TAXONOMICAL STRUCTURE IN UPPER PART OF SOUTHERN BUG RIVER (UKRAINE)

Plankton algae species diversity in upper part of Southern Bug River was investigated in 298 species (319 infraspecific taxa). Among them, 205 species (217 infr. taxa) are new for the waterbody. Green-diatom complex is characteristic for inverstigational territory. Chlorophyta (40 %), Bacillarophyta (19 %), Euglenophyta (18 %) and Cyanoprokaryota (12 %) are dominant groups.

O.I. Berchenko, O.A. Sukhov

ON THE VALIDITY OF DISTINGUISHING OF SOME EARLY CARBONIFEROUS GENERA OF DASYCLADATES ALGAE OF THE ACICULELLEAE BASSOULLET ET AL. TRIBE (CHLOROPHYTA)

Dasycladates algae, which are assigned to the Aciculelleae fossil tribe were found in the thin sections from the Visean deposits of the Donets Basin and the Dono-Dnieper Depression. The paleontologists undestend the genera belonging to this tribe in different way. Thorough analysis of descriptions and illustrations of published Aciculelleae fossil tribe permitted to suppose that Sphinctoporella Mamet & Rudloff, 1972, and Frosterleyella Elliott as well as Diploporeae gen. indet. are synonyms of Kulikia Golubtsov, 1961.

Е.А. Shevchuk

DINOCYSTS OF CALLOVIAN IN THE REGION OF CENTRAL UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the results of the study of organic-walled-microphytoplankton (dinocysts, acritarchs, green algae), set in the rocks of Callovian age (Middle Jurassic – 161-165 Ma) in the central part Ukraine. It was first described Callovian microphytofossils complexes which were studied in Macerata rock samples from обнажений outcrops vicinity of Kanev (Cherkassy region), and wells which were drilled in Pereyaslav-Khmelnytsky district of Kiev region. A detailed sys фациальным зонам tematic study of microphytofossils Callovian Stage allowed to draw conclusions about the conditions of paleobionomicheskih sedimentation basin, and to clarify the geological age of rocks and their host residues.

A.A. Krivenda

NEW FOR THE UKRAINE SPECIES OF BACILLARIOPHYTA FROM SHAZKIJ NATIONAL NATURAL PARK (UKRAINE)

New for the Ukraine territory diatoms species form Shazkij National Natural Park are described in the article. The short description of 18 rare for territory Ukraine and for the Europe species is presented.

S.I. Genkal, L.P. Yarmoshenko, A.G. Okhapkin

FIRST FINDINGS OF THE MARINE SPECIES CYCLOTELLA MARINA (BACILLARIOPHYTA) IN FRESHWATERS OF EUROPE

The complex of small-sized species of centric diatoms has been identified by using scanning electron microscopy in the studies of phytoplankton and phytoperiphyton of the cooling pond of the Khmelnitsky nuclear power plant (Ukraine) and the phytoplankton of the River Oka (a tributary of Volga, Russia). For the first time in Europe and the first time in fresh water Cyclotella marina (Tanimura, Nagumo et Kato) Ake-Castillo, Okolodk. et Ector has been found in this complex. Cyclotella marina had been described from Tokyo Bay, and later had been found in other marine waters. The wider variability of some morphological signs has been shown. Ecological valence and habitat of this species have been specificate.

N.M. Mineeva, L.A. Shchure

CHLOROPHYLL A CONTENT IN PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS (REVIEW)

Based on the analysis of literature chlorophyll content per phytoplankton biomass unit (chl./B) in different environmental conditions is under consideration. This is caused by the need to obtain conversion coefficients in the evaluation of biomass using chlorophyll method. The high variability of chl./B because of complex dependence on abiotic parameters, algal composition and status, the water body trophic state restricts the use of chlorophyll for the accurate determination of phytoplankton biomass. However, the estimated assessment can be recommended based on calculated chl. B values for different trophic status of water bodies (0.18 in oligotrophic waters, 0.40 in mesotrophic and eutrophic waters, 1.03 in highly eutrophic water), and averaged on a large data rate chl./B values equal 0.53.